The editor of Luoyang Okobake Biology will explain to you the whole plant corn silage technology

Whole-plant corn silage is crushed silage of whole-plant corn with ears during the corn wax ripening period, and is made under airtight anaerobic conditions through microbial anaerobic fermentation and chemical action, which has good palatability and high digestibility. And nutrient-rich feed is an effective measure to ensure a balanced supply of dairy cow feed throughout the year. Its palatability, digestibility and nutritional value are significantly higher than those of earless straw silage. Feeding whole plant silage corn can significantly improve the milk production, milk fat rate, milk protein rate and other nutritional indicators of dairy cows. Using whole plant corn silage to feed Feeding cows, each cow produces 3-5 kg more milk per day than before, and the milk fat rate and milk protein rate have increased by more than 0.1%.

1. Basic steps and methods

The silage of whole plant corn is basically the same as the original common straw silage method.

1. Digging a cellar. To dig a cellar, choose a place with solid soil, high and dry terrain, leeward to the sun, and a place that is not easy to be flooded by rain to build a silo cellar. The shape of the cellar is generally divided into circular and rectangular, and the wall of the cellar is straight and smooth, impervious to water and air. The width of the cellar should generally be smaller than the depth, and the better ratio is 1:1.5-2, which is beneficial to the compaction of the raw material itself and can reduce the loss. The size of the cellar should be determined according to the number of silage and the number of livestock. The general diameter of the circle is between 1.7-3 meters, the depth is preferably 3-4 meters, and the bottom should be in the shape of a pot. Large-scale livestock farms should adopt rectangular pits with a width of 1.7-3 meters and a depth of 2.3-3.3 meters. The length depends on the quantity of silage. The corners of the rectangular cellar should be rounded to facilitate the descent and compaction of raw materials. In order to reduce the loss of silage, a layer of plastic film should be spread on the bottom of the cellar and around it.

3. To chop. The length of straw cutting is generally 1-2 cm, which is conducive to compaction.

4. To compact. When loading the silage, the silage must be compacted, the air in the silage should be discharged as much as possible, and the corners should not be ignored, so as to create an anaerobic environment as much as possible.

5. To seal. The silage container must not leak or dew. Be sure to pay attention to the maintenance work the day after tomorrow.

2. Matters needing attention

1. Grasp the timing of harvesting. The best period is from the late stage of milk ripening to the early stage of wax ripening.

2. A layer of 10-15 cm soft grass is laid on the bottom of the pond before the silage to absorb the juice that seeps out during compaction.

3. During the preparation process, the raw materials should be as short as possible, and they should be compacted tightly when loading the cellar to remove the air in the cellar as much as possible.

4. The water content in the raw material is about 75% (that is, when the water can just be wrung out by hand but cannot drip), which is most suitable for the reproduction of lactic acid bacteria. During silage, it should be determined whether watering is required according to the greenness of the corn stalks.

5. The raw materials must contain a certain amount of sugar, and the sugar content of corn stalks generally meets the requirements.

6. After the cellar is full, seal it with good-quality plastic cloth, and press it with soil or car tires to prevent air and water from entering and causing the silage to deteriorate.

7. Evaluation and utilization of cellar opening. After 40-50 days of storage, the silage can be opened for feeding. After opening the cellar, you must first judge the quality of the silage. If it is green or yellow-green, has a sour smell, is soft and slightly moist, the stems and leaves remain in their original shape, and the pond is pressed very tightly, but it is loose in the hand. For good quality, it can be fed. If it has deteriorated and become corrupt, there will be odor, sticky and soft texture, etc. Do not feed it to prevent poisoning. Do not expose all the silage to the air after opening, and immediately seal and compact it after taking it. The silage taken out should be fed as soon as possible, and it should not be left for too long to avoid deterioration.
Further reading:

Micro-ecological preparation-corn stalk silage fermentation technology

Corn stalk silage starter is a microbial silage fermentation technology for corn stalks, mainly using the microorganisms in the straw starter to produce mixed fermentation or anaerobic fermentation. The commonly used microorganisms in the microbial treatment of corn stalks are cellulase, which is widely used as an additive for straw fermentation. Cellulase can effectively hydrolyze plant cell walls and decompose them into free monosaccharides, thereby effectively reducing the content of cell wall substances and continuously improving the nutritional value of corn stalk feed.

Advantage analysis of fermentation technology of corn stalks as silage

my country is rich in corn stalk resources, and the application value of corn stalk itself is relatively low. Fermented feed through straw silage can effectively promote the improvement of its application value and effectively improve its nutritional value, which can promote the development of animal husbandry. Single corn stover has low energy digestibility, low quality and low protein content. The straw feed fermented by the straw silage starter can significantly improve the utilization rate and digestibility of the straw, and at the same time improve the nutritional value of the microbial straw, improve the palatability of the corn straw feed, and promote the feed intake of livestock.

At the same time, the use of microbial treatment methods can prolong the storage and shelf life of corn stalks, significantly improve the feed intake of livestock, and ultimately increase the conversion rate of straw feed. Corn stalk feed produced by microbial treatment can significantly improve the immunity of livestock and can effectively prevent intestinal diseases. The use of microbial treatment methods can effectively reduce the production of ammonia and avoid ammonia poisoning. At the same time, it can effectively reduce fecal pollution, improve the breeding environment of livestock, and reduce the incidence of diseases. The feed produced by adopting microbial feed can significantly improve the meat quality of livestock and increase the milk quality of livestock, and has important economic value.

During the fermentation process of corn stalks, the use of straw starter products can secrete or synthesize a large number of live bacteria, proteins, amino acids, various biochemical enzymes, growth-promoting factors and other nutrients and hormones, which can adjust and improve the functions of various organs of the animal body, improve Feed conversion rate has various effects on animals such as immunity, nutrition, and growth stimulation, so as to prevent and treat diseases, improve survival rate, promote growth and reproduction, reduce costs, eliminate feces and urine odor, purify the environment, and increase production and income.

Corn stalk starter uses microbial fermentation technology to make silage, which has the following advantages:

(1) Improve feed palatability, increase feed intake and speed;

(2) Significantly increase the nutrient composition of the feed, which can be converted into a variety of nutritionally comprehensive and effective amino acid components necessary for animals;

(3) Improve the utilization rate of feed digestion and absorption;

(4) Improve immunity, prevent and treat intestinal diseases, establish intestinal microecological balance, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, and increase the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms;

(5) Deodorize and repel flies, thereby reducing environmental pollution;

(6) To improve the quality of meat, eggs and milk, to produce "green meat", "farm eggs" and "antibiotic-free milk". Microbial fermentation technology can fully absorb and utilize the nutrients in feed and the natural pigments of raw materials by enhancing the digestion and absorption function of animals;

(7) Straw silage starter can naturally increase the coloring and edible flavor of animal products, making the skin rosy and the coat shiny;

(8) Straw silage starter can deepen the color of broiler, chicken and duck, and effectively improve the quality and color of eggshells. The egg whites are thick and the yolks are bright red. For aquatic animals, the color is healthier without spots.